Deep Research
Options
Book Summary

Earnings Volatility Selling Strategy

A comprehensive analysis of the data-driven approach to options trading before earnings announcements. Learn how to profit from IV crush using straddles and calendar spreads with proper risk management.

7-9%
Mean Return
64-66%
Win Rate
~90%
CAGR

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Strategy Overview

Core Strategy

The earnings volatility selling strategy involves selling short-term options (straddles or calendar spreads) before earnings announcements to profit from two key factors: the rapid drop in Implied Volatility (IV) post-announcement (IV Crush), and the tendency for stocks to move less than the options market has priced in.

Why It Works

  • • IV typically exceeds realized volatility pre-earnings
  • • Uncertainty premium disappears post-announcement
  • • Market makers price in larger moves than typically occur

Edge Sources

  • • Hedgers overpay for protection
  • • Retail speculators chase lottery tickets
  • • Statistical arbitrage in volatility pricing
9%
Mean Return (Straddle)
Per trade when filtered
7.3%
Mean Return (Calendar)
Per trade when filtered
64%
Win Rate (Straddle)
Percentage of profitable trades
66%
Win Rate (Calendar)
Percentage of profitable trades
~90%
Potential CAGR
With proper sizing (10% Kelly)
$6M
Portfolio Growth
From $10k in 10 years

Theoretical Foundations

Implied vs. Realized Volatility

Historically, the implied volatility (IV) priced into options before an earnings event is higher than the realized volatility (RV) of the actual stock move. This premium exists because of uncertainty.

Key Insight:

We profit when this uncertainty resolves and IV "crushes" back to normal levels.

Who Overpays for Options?

Hedgers (Institutions)

Price-insensitive participants who buy protection regardless of cost to secure portfolios.

Speculators (Retail)

Buy short-dated calls hoping for lottery-like payouts, inflating demand and prices.

Step-by-Step Execution Guide

Step 1: Screen for Opportunities

Filter the universe of upcoming earnings announcements for high-probability setups using three key criteria:

Term Structure Backwardation

Front-month IV must be significantly higher than back-month IV, indicating overpriced short-term volatility.

High IV/RV Ratio

Implied volatility should be inflated relative to historical realized volatility (ideally ratio > 1.5).

Sufficient Liquidity

High average trading volume ensures minimal slippage on entry and exit.

Step 2: Trade Entry

Execution Time

Open position 15 minutes before market close on earnings announcement day.

Step 3: Trade Exit

Execution Time

Close position 15 minutes after market open the following trading day.

Step 4: Position Sizing (Critical)

Short Straddles

≤ 2%

of capital per trade

Calendar Spreads

≤ 6%

of capital per trade

Never use full Kelly sizing. Even with statistical edge, improper sizing leads to ruin.

Trade Structures & Mechanics

Short Straddle

HIGH RISK

The most direct way to short volatility. Involves selling one at-the-money call and one at-the-money put with the same expiration.

Key Points:

  • Profit when stock moves less than premium collected
  • Benefits from sharp IV crush post-earnings
  • Unlimited loss potential (tail risk)
  • High gamma risk near expiration
  • 9% mean return per trade

Long Calendar Spread

MEDIUM RISK

A defined-risk alternative involving selling front-month and buying back-month options at the same strike.

Key Points:

  • Front-month IV crushes more than back-month
  • Profit from vega decay differential
  • Limited loss to initial debit paid
  • Safer return profile than straddles
  • 7.3% mean return per trade

Data & Backtesting Evidence

Methodology

Dataset Scale

Earnings Events:72,500
Stocks Analyzed:4,500
Time Period:2007-2024

Key Finding

Blindly trading every earnings event results in near 0% mean return. The edge only exists when filtering for high-probability setups.

Filtered Results

Straddle Mean Return9.0%
Calendar Mean Return7.3%
Straddle Win Rate64%
Calendar Win Rate66%

Filter Criteria

Term Structure Slope

Most important predictor of success

IV/RV Ratio

Confirms overpriced volatility

High Volume

Indicates price-insensitive participants

Risk Management & Position Sizing

The Four Pillars of Risk Management

1. Never Trade Full Kelly

Kelly Criterion maximizes growth theoretically but leads to unacceptable volatility in practice.

2. Straddles ≤ 2% Capital

Strict sizing protects against devastating impact of tail risk events.

3. Calendars ≤ 6% Capital

Balance between meaningful returns and capital preservation.

4. Avoid Low Liquidity

Wide bid-ask spreads can completely erase the strategy's edge.

Long-Term Growth Simulation

$10,000
Starting Capital
10 Years
Time Horizon
$6M
Mean Ending Value

Using 10% Kelly sizing (6% of capital per calendar trade) with 0% bankruptcy risk

Case Study: AMZN Earnings Trade

Real-World Application

Amazon (AMZN) earnings trade flagged as "RECOMMEND" by the screening criteria

Trade Setup

Structure:Feb 7 / Mar 7 Call Calendar
Contracts:100
Cost:$3.33 per spread
Total Risk:$33,300

Results

Actual Move:+2.5%
Expected Move:~7%
Outcome:Perfect IV crush
Profit:+$9,300

Trade-off Analysis

A straddle on the same event would have yielded higher profits but with unlimited loss potential. The calendar's defined-risk structure provides crucial protection against large unexpected moves.

Building a Screening Tool

Implementation Guide

To build an effective scanner, you need to implement the filtering logic that identifies high-probability setups from the universe of earnings announcements.

Data Requirements

  • • Earnings calendar
  • • Options chains (IV, Greeks)
  • • Historical stock prices
  • • Volume data

Key Calculations

  • • Term structure slope
  • • IV/RV ratio
  • • 30-day average volume
  • • Realized volatility

Recommendation Engine

  • • RECOMMEND: All criteria met
  • • CONSIDER: Partial criteria
  • • AVOID: Poor setup

Formulas & Implementation

Term Structure Slope

slope = front_month_iv - back_month_iv

Negative values (backwardation) indicate favorable conditions

IV/RV Ratio

rv = stdev(log_returns_30d) * sqrt(252)
ratio = thirty_day_iv / rv

Values > 1.5 indicate overpriced volatility

Volume Filter

avg_volume = mean(volume_30d)

Minimum threshold typically 500k shares/day

Ready to Implement This Strategy?

Remember: Proper screening, position sizing, and risk management are essential for success.

Educational Content Disclaimer

This analysis is for educational purposes only and does not constitute investment advice. Options trading involves substantial risk and is not suitable for all investors. Past performance does not guarantee future results. Always consult with a financial advisor and never risk more than you can afford to lose.